Introduction to the Shine Blockchain platform
Shine Blockchain is an enterprise Blockchain platform built for enabling product and data traceability across supply chains.
Introduction
Shine solves the deficit of trust between members in a supply chain. Through enabling traceability of data and products in supply chains, Shine helps firms prove product authenticity and quality, resulting in: a. Increased brand value leading to increased sales, b. Proving sustainable production to customers, c. Easy product recall in case of defects or damages, d. Increased exports due to increased trust in the product quality, e. Easier access to supply chain financing due to real time data shared with banks.
Shine is built off the EOSIO Blockchain platform with a proof of Authority consensus mechanism and with innovations on the middleware and front-end layers to make Shine easy to use, fast, and cheap. The cost to companies implementing the solution is optimal due to Shine’s SaaS model that runs on only a per-transaction and customization fee without any development fee. Having designed the product while keeping in mind ease of use, quick deployment, and a myriad of features for any vertical, the cost to Chainflux deploying the solution is optimal to create a highly scalable and profitable business.
Core concepts
Actors
An actor is an entity in the system which represents a user of the supply chain. It could be an employee at NSE or a product manager at the refiner. While there may be many people performing actions on behalf of a company, the protocol considers the company as a whole to be a single actor, with a sub-division of permissions and tasks among the company hierarchy based on the concept of account permissions.
Actors span the whole supply chain:
Producer: an actor who generates assets and introduces them to the protocol. For gold traceability, the producer would be the refiner.
Custodian: an actor who bridges the gap between the physical and digital worlds. They hold the physical asset and attest to the truthfulness of the protocol representation. For gold traceability, the vault and logistics providers would be the custodians.
Processor: an actor who transforms the physical asset in any way, and ensures that protocol state reflects this change. For gold traceability, the processor would be the refiner.
Certifier: an actor who confirms or provides real-world information on an asset and stakes their reputation on its correctness. For gold traceability, the certifier would be the referee lab.
Financier: an actor who provides finance for or against assets. For gold traceability, this could be banks who might become a part of this system at a later date.
Admin: An actor who introduces the system to the supply chain and onboards all the relevant participants. For gold traceability, the admin would be NSE.
Software developer: An actor who maintains the platform for the admin. For gold traceability, the software developer would be Chainflux.com.
Trader: An actor who merely acts as an aggregator and enables changing ownership of the assets. For gold traceability, this actor has not been established.
Assets
An asset represents part of the supply chain; a real-world entity with unique data and history. While an asset most commonly represents a commodity, it can take other forms, such as:
A silo, which tracks its inventory as a commodity moves in and out.
A finance agreement, which defines lending terms between a refiner/bullion dealer and a financier.
A package of data, which can be sold to other actors.
Identifiers and attributes
From the moment of creation until sale/transformation, an asset is identified by a unique asset ID. This ID always references the same asset across the Shine Blockchain. At a lower level, each change to an asset generates a new version, identified by a *version ID*. The asset ID represents the asset and its history as a whole, while the version ID refers to a particular point in its history.
An asset's class defines its type, for example a "Bullion" or "Coin" which producers use when generating new entities in the system.
An asset is measured using a primary value and primary unit, which refer respectively to the amount of the asset and its unit of measurement. These can change over time. For example: Exporting an asset from India to the US might change the primary value and unit from a metric unit to an imperial unit.
Traceability data
Assets can contain arbitrary data, reflecting their diverse purposes. Data on an asset takes the form of properties and proof.
Properties of an asset would be:
Grade/quality/purity/fineness/weight
Origin of the product
Producer/refiner conditions during the processing of the product.
By themselves, the properties aren't verified - the reputation of the actor who created the property is all that exists to show that they're correct; "Proof" provides a means to support the properties, allowing actors to add documentation and certificates that prove or back the asset's properties. This could take the form of a fair trade certification from the exporter of Dore or a chemical sensor during refining, or a proximity sensor during bullion transport.
Ownership
The owner of an asset is the actor or actors who have legal title to the asset. This can be split between multiple actors proportionally (e.g. one actor has 70%, another has 30%).
The custodian of an asset is the actor who physically controls the asset. This could be different to the owner. In the case of Bullion, this is almost always the vault.
The manager of an asset is the owner who is delegated permission by all other owners to manage the asset, and receives full permissions on the asset.
For example, in a scenario in which Bullion is present in the vault: in which a shipment of nylon is stored in a warehouse, the ownership structure might look like this:
Owners: The refiner owns 100% of the bullion.
Custodian: the vault
Manager: The bullion dealer who wants to collect the bullion in exchange for a trade on NSE with the refiner.
Permissions
Files
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